Source code for woodwork.logical_types

import re
import warnings

import pandas as pd
import pandas.api.types as pdtypes

from woodwork.accessor_utils import _is_dask_series, _is_spark_series
from woodwork.config import config
from woodwork.exceptions import (
    TypeConversionError,
    TypeConversionWarning,
    TypeValidationError,
)
from woodwork.type_sys.utils import _get_specified_ltype_params
from woodwork.utils import (
    _infer_datetime_format,
    _is_valid_latlong_series,
    _reformat_to_latlong,
    camel_to_snake,
    import_or_none,
)

dd = import_or_none("dask.dataframe")
ps = import_or_none("pyspark.pandas")


class ClassNameDescriptor(object):
    """Descriptor to convert a class's name from camelcase to snakecase"""

    def __get__(self, instance, class_):
        return camel_to_snake(class_.__name__)


class LogicalTypeMetaClass(type):
    def __repr__(cls):
        return cls.__name__


class LogicalType(object, metaclass=LogicalTypeMetaClass):
    """Base class for all other Logical Types"""

    type_string = ClassNameDescriptor()
    primary_dtype = "string"
    backup_dtype = None
    standard_tags = set()

    def __eq__(self, other, deep=False):
        return isinstance(other, self.__class__) and _get_specified_ltype_params(
            other
        ) == _get_specified_ltype_params(self)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.__class__)

    @classmethod
    def _get_valid_dtype(cls, series_type):
        """Return the dtype that is considered valid for a series with the given logical_type"""
        if ps and series_type == ps.Series and cls.backup_dtype:
            return cls.backup_dtype
        else:
            return cls.primary_dtype

    def transform(self, series):
        """Converts the series dtype to match the logical type's if it is different."""
        new_dtype = self._get_valid_dtype(type(series))
        if new_dtype != str(series.dtype):
            # Update the underlying series
            try:
                series = series.astype(new_dtype)
            except (TypeError, ValueError):
                raise TypeConversionError(series, new_dtype, type(self))
        return series

    def validate(self, series, *args, **kwargs):
        """Validates that a logical type is consistent with the series dtype. Performs additional type
        specific validation, as required. When the series' dtype does not match the logical types' required dtype,
        raises a TypeValidationError."""
        valid_dtype = self._get_valid_dtype(type(series))
        if valid_dtype != str(series.dtype):
            raise TypeValidationError(
                f"Series dtype '{series.dtype}' is incompatible with {self.type_string} dtype."
            )


[docs]class Address(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain address values. Examples: .. code-block:: python ['1 Miller Drive, New York, NY 12345', '1 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 67891'] ['26387 Russell Hill, Dallas, TX 34521', '54305 Oxford Street, Seattle, WA 95132'] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class Age(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain whole numbers indicating a person's age. Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python [15, 22, 45] [30, 62, 87] """ primary_dtype = "int64" standard_tags = {"numeric"} def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=True): """Validates age values by checking for non-negative values. Args: series (Series): Series of age values return_invalid_values (bool): Whether or not to return invalid age values Returns: Series: If return_invalid_values is True, returns invalid age values. """ return _validate_not_negative(series, return_invalid_values)
[docs]class AgeFractional(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain non-negative floating point numbers indicating a person's age. Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. May also contain null values. Examples: .. code-block:: python [0.34, 24.34, 45.0] [30.5, 62.82, np.nan] """ primary_dtype = "float64" standard_tags = {"numeric"} def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=True): """Validates age values by checking for non-negative values. Args: series (Series): Series of age values return_invalid_values (bool): Whether or not to return invalid age values Returns: Series: If return_invalid_values is True, returns invalid age values. """ return _validate_not_negative(series, return_invalid_values)
[docs]class AgeNullable(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain whole numbers indicating a person's age. Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. May also contain null values. Examples: .. code-block:: python [np.nan, 22, 45] [30, 62, np.nan] """ primary_dtype = "Int64" standard_tags = {"numeric"} def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=True): """Validates age values by checking for non-negative values. Args: series (Series): Series of age values return_invalid_values (bool): Whether or not to return invalid age values Returns: Series: If return_invalid_values is True, returns invalid age values. """ return _validate_not_negative(series, return_invalid_values)
[docs]class Boolean(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain binary values indicating true/false. Examples: .. code-block:: python [True, False, True] [0, 1, 1] """ primary_dtype = "bool"
[docs]class BooleanNullable(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain binary values indicating true/false. May also contain null values. Examples: .. code-block:: python [True, False, None] [0, 1, 1] """ primary_dtype = "boolean"
[docs]class Categorical(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain unordered discrete values that fall into one of a set of possible values. Has 'category' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["red", "green", "blue"] ["produce", "dairy", "bakery"] [3, 1, 2] """ primary_dtype = "category" backup_dtype = "string" standard_tags = {"category"}
[docs] def __init__(self, encoding=None): # encoding dict(str -> int) # user can specify the encoding to use downstream pass
[docs]class CountryCode(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that use the ISO-3166 standard country code to represent countries. ISO 3166-1 (countries) are supported. These codes should be in the Alpha-2 format. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["AU", "US", "UA"] ["GB", "NZ", "DE"] """ primary_dtype = "category" backup_dtype = "string" standard_tags = {"category"}
[docs]class Datetime(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain date and time information. Args: datetime_format (str): Desired datetime format for data Examples: .. code-block:: python ["2020-09-10", "2020-01-10 00:00:00", "01/01/2000 08:30"] """ primary_dtype = "datetime64[ns]" datetime_format = None
[docs] def __init__(self, datetime_format=None): self.datetime_format = datetime_format
def transform(self, series): """Converts the series data to a formatted datetime. Datetime format will be inferred if datetime_format is None.""" new_dtype = self._get_valid_dtype(type(series)) series_dtype = str(series.dtype) if new_dtype != series_dtype: self.datetime_format = self.datetime_format or _infer_datetime_format( series ) if _is_dask_series(series): name = series.name series = dd.to_datetime( series, format=self.datetime_format, errors="coerce" ) series.name = name elif _is_spark_series(series): series = ps.Series( ps.to_datetime( series.to_numpy(), format=self.datetime_format, errors="coerce" ), name=series.name, ) else: try: series = pd.to_datetime(series, format=self.datetime_format) except (TypeError, ValueError): warnings.warn( f"Some rows in series '{series.name}' are incompatible with datetime format " f"'{self.datetime_format}' and have been replaced with null values. You may be " "able to fix this by using an instantiated Datetime logical type with a different format " "string specified for this column during Woodwork initialization.", TypeConversionWarning, ) series = pd.to_datetime( series, format=self.datetime_format, errors="coerce" ) return super().transform(series)
[docs]class Double(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain positive and negative numbers, some of which include a fractional component. Includes zero (0). Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python [1.2, 100.4, 3.5] [-15.34, 100, 58.3] """ primary_dtype = "float64" standard_tags = {"numeric"}
[docs]class Integer(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain positive and negative numbers without a fractional component, including zero (0). Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python [100, 35, 0] [-54, 73, 11] """ primary_dtype = "int64" standard_tags = {"numeric"}
[docs]class IntegerNullable(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain positive and negative numbers without a fractional component, including zero (0). May contain null values. Has 'numeric' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python [100, 35, np.nan] [-54, 73, 11] """ primary_dtype = "Int64" standard_tags = {"numeric"}
[docs]class EmailAddress(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain email address values. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["[email protected]", "[email protected]", "[email protected]"] """ primary_dtype = "string" def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=False): """Validates email address values based on the regex in the config. Args: series (Series): Series of email address values return_invalid_values (bool): Whether or not to return invalid email address values Returns: Series: If return_invalid_values is True, returns invalid email address. """ return _regex_validate("email_inference_regex", series, return_invalid_values)
[docs]class Filepath(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that specify locations of directories and files in a file system. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["/usr/local/bin", "/Users/john.smith/dev/index.html", "/tmp"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class PersonFullName(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that may contain first, middle and last names, including honorifics and suffixes. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["Mr. John Doe, Jr.", "Doe, Mrs. Jane", "James Brown"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class IPAddress(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain IP addresses, including both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["172.16.254.1", "192.0.0.0", "2001:0db8:0000:0000:0000:ff00:0042:8329"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class LatLong(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain latitude and longitude values in decimal degrees. Note: LatLong values will be stored with the object dtype as a tuple of floats (or a list of floats for Spark DataFrames) and must contain only two values. Null latitude or longitude values will be stored as np.nan, and a fully null LatLong (np.nan, np.nan) will be stored as just a single nan. Examples: .. code-block:: python [(33.670914, -117.841501), (40.423599, -86.921162), (-45.031705, nan)] """ primary_dtype = "object" def transform(self, series): """Formats a series to be a tuple (or list for Spark) of two floats.""" if _is_dask_series(series): name = series.name meta = (series, tuple([float, float])) series = series.apply(_reformat_to_latlong, meta=meta) series.name = name elif _is_spark_series(series): formatted_series = series.to_pandas().apply( _reformat_to_latlong, is_spark=True ) series = ps.from_pandas(formatted_series) else: series = series.apply(_reformat_to_latlong) return super().transform(series) def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=False): # TODO: we'll want to actually handle return_invalid_values in the ordinal and latlong logical types. super().validate(series) if not _is_valid_latlong_series(series): raise TypeValidationError( "Cannot initialize Woodwork. Series does not contain properly formatted " "LatLong data. Try reformatting before initializing or use the " "woodwork.init_series function to initialize." )
[docs]class NaturalLanguage(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain text or characters representing natural human language Examples: .. code-block:: python ["This is a short sentence.", "I like to eat pizza!", "When will humans go to mars?"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class Unknown(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that cannot be inferred as a specific Logical Type. It is assumed to contain string data. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["ax23n9ck23l", "1,28&*_%*&&xejc", "xnmvz@@Dcmeods-0"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class Ordinal(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain ordered discrete values. Has 'category' as a standard tag. Args: order (list or tuple): An list or tuple specifying the order of the ordinal values from low to high. The underlying series cannot contain values that are not present in the order values. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["first", "second", "third"] ["bronze", "silver", "gold"] """ primary_dtype = "category" backup_dtype = "string" standard_tags = {"category"}
[docs] def __init__(self, order=None): self.order = order
def _validate_order_values(self, series): """Make sure order values are properly defined and confirm the supplied series does not contain any values that are not in the specified order values""" if self.order is None: raise TypeError("Must use an Ordinal instance with order values defined") elif not isinstance(self.order, (list, tuple)): raise TypeError("Order values must be specified in a list or tuple") if len(self.order) != len(set(self.order)): raise ValueError("Order values cannot contain duplicates") if isinstance(series, pd.Series): missing_order_vals = set(series.dropna().values).difference(self.order) if missing_order_vals: error_msg = ( f"Ordinal column {series.name} contains values that are not present " f"in the order values provided: {sorted(list(missing_order_vals))}" ) raise ValueError(error_msg) def transform(self, series): """Validates the series and converts the dtype to match the logical type's if it is different.""" self._validate_order_values(series) typed_ser = super().transform(series) if pdtypes.is_categorical_dtype(typed_ser.dtype): typed_ser = typed_ser.cat.set_categories(self.order, ordered=True) return typed_ser def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=False): # TODO: we'll want to actually handle return_invalid_values in the ordinal and latlong logical types. super().validate(series) self._validate_order_values(series)
[docs]class PhoneNumber(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain numeric digits and characters representing a phone number Examples: .. code-block:: python ["1-(555)-123-5495", "+1-555-123-5495", "5551235495"] """ primary_dtype = "string"
[docs]class SubRegionCode(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that use the ISO-3166 standard sub-region code to represent a portion of a larger geographic region. ISO 3166-2 (sub-regions) codes are supported. These codes should be in the Alpha-2 format. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["US-CO", "US-MA", "US-CA"] ["AU-NSW", "AU-TAS", "AU-QLD"] """ primary_dtype = "category" backup_dtype = "string" standard_tags = {"category"}
[docs]class Timedelta(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain values specifying a duration of time Examples: .. code-block:: python [pd.Timedelta('1 days 00:00:00'), pd.Timedelta('-1 days +23:40:00'), pd.Timedelta('4 days 12:00:00')] """ primary_dtype = "timedelta64[ns]"
[docs]class URL(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain URLs, which may include protocol, hostname and file name Examples: .. code-block:: python ["http://google.com", "https://example.com/index.html", "example.com"] """ primary_dtype = "string" def validate(self, series, return_invalid_values=False): """Validates URL values based on the regex in the config. Args: series (Series): Series of URL values return_invalid_values (bool): Whether or not to return invalid URLs Returns: Series: If return_invalid_values is True, returns invalid URLs. """ return _regex_validate("url_inference_regex", series, return_invalid_values)
[docs]class PostalCode(LogicalType): """Represents Logical Types that contain a series of postal codes for representing a group of addresses. Has 'category' as a standard tag. Examples: .. code-block:: python ["90210" "60018-0123", "SW1A"] """ primary_dtype = "category" backup_dtype = "string" standard_tags = {"category"}
_NULLABLE_PHYSICAL_TYPES = { "boolean", "category", "datetime64[ns]", "Int8", "Int16", "Int32", "Int64", "Float32", "Float64", "float16", "float32", "float64", "float128", "object", "string", "timedelta64[ns]", } def _regex_validate(regex_key, series, return_invalid_values): """Validates data values based on the logical type regex in the config.""" regex = config.get_option(regex_key) if _is_spark_series(series): def match(x): if isinstance(x, str): return bool(re.match(regex, x)) invalid = series.apply(match).astype("boolean") == False # noqa: E712 else: invalid = ~series.str.match(regex).astype("boolean") if return_invalid_values: return series[invalid] else: any_invalid = invalid.any() if dd and isinstance(any_invalid, dd.core.Scalar): any_invalid = any_invalid.compute() if any_invalid: type_string = { "url_inference_regex": "url", "email_inference_regex": "email address", }[regex_key] info = f"Series {series.name} contains invalid {type_string} values. " info += f"The {regex_key} can be changed in the config if needed." raise TypeValidationError(info) def _validate_not_negative(series, return_invalid_values): """Validates data values are non-negative.""" invalid = series.lt(0) if return_invalid_values: return series[invalid] else: any_invalid = invalid.any() if dd and isinstance(any_invalid, dd.core.Scalar): any_invalid = any_invalid.compute() if any_invalid: info = f"Series {series.name} contains negative values." raise TypeValidationError(info)